Upscaling: refers to expanding a single-member (or realization) LIS-generated restart file to an ensemble of members (or model realizations) that can be used for ensemble model runs. This feature could be helpful to someone interested in performing a simulation of an ensemble of model realizations or data assimilation, but have only model member run for one single realization.

An ensemble restart file includes not only one single realization's set of model state variables required to initialize a LIS model run but several realizations, or ensemble members, to restart a multi-member or open-loop simulation.